Author name: Ellis Brennan

Five randomized trials tested citicoline in cocaine dependence. The two positive ones were in patients with bipolar disorder, and the effect faded.

A single 80-child trial reported better outcomes with IV citicoline after cardiac arrest. It had no placebo arm, one site, and no replication.

No trial has tested oral citicoline capsules for diabetic nerve pain. The human data is eye drops and injections combined with a second drug. Here is why.

A 2025 randomized trial gave citicoline to 101 autistic children for two months and found no benefit on any measured scale. Here is what it tested.

Citicoline is increasingly marketed for post-COVID cognitive symptoms. The entire published human evidence base is a single patient case report and a mechanism review.

What the actual research says about citicoline and sleep: one placebo-controlled human trial measured sleep parameters directly, and some users report insomnia with late-day dosing.